Theoretical basis for impedance control-深圳市海博精密电路有限公司

From the perspective of transmission line theory, the resistance, inductance, leakage conductance (reciprocal of leakage resistance), and distributed capacitance of a wire relative to the reference layer (reference plane) cannot be ignored. They have an impact on the transmission speed and energy of signals in the wire; The signal level transmitted on the wire is not only a function of time t, but also a function of distance x; The current at each point on a wire with transmission characteristics is different.

As wires on a PCB, the line width of the same wire is usually uniform, and the dielectric and thickness between the wire and the relative reference layer are also basically the same. Therefore, PCB wires should be regarded as uniform transmission lines. The following figure (a) can be used for analysis. The entire wire can be regarded as n transmission lines of unit length, with corresponding equivalent circuits, as shown in figure (b).

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